在转录组学研究中,对低起始量或降解的RNA样本进行有效测序面临巨大挑战,其中高达90%的核糖体RNA(rRNA)会占据宝贵的测序通量[citation:3]。本文针对研究人员、科学家和药物开发专业人员的需求,全面探讨并比较了适用于低RNA输入样本的核糖体去除策略。文章首先阐述了rRNA去除的基本原理及其在处理低质量样本(如FFPE组织、单细胞或微量活检样本)中的必要性[citation:6]。进而系统分析了基于杂交捕获、RNase H酶切及CRISPR-Cas9(如DASH)等不同方法的技术细节、商用试剂盒表现及定制化方案[citation:2][citation:4][citation:9]。文章深入探讨了针对低输入样本的实验流程优化、常见问题排查以及去除效率的验证指标。最后,通过对不同方法在灵敏度、偏倚、转录本覆盖度和成本效益方面的综合比较,为研究者根据具体样本类型和科学目标选择最优方案提供决策框架,并展望了该技术对未来生物医学与临床研究(如精准医疗和宿主-微生物组互作研究)的深远影响[citation:5][citation:7]。.
For researchers in drug discovery and biomedical sciences, obtaining high-quality RNA is the critical first step for reliable gene expression analysis, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), and biomarker identification.
This article provides a comprehensive guide for researchers and drug development professionals on validating RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) results from low-input samples.
For researchers working with scarce biological materials—from single cells and rare cell populations to low-biomass microbial or clinical samples—selecting the optimal RNA extraction method is critical.
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